【动画】“东数西算”全网大火，一文告诉你“东数”如何“西算”******
最近，“东数西算”工程受到社会各界广泛关注。前段时间，国家发展改革委、中央网信办、工业和信息化部、国家能源局联合印发通知，同意在京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区、成渝、内蒙古、贵州、甘肃、宁夏等8地启动建设国家算力枢纽节点，并规划了10个国家数据中心集群。至此，“东数西算”工程正式全面启动。
长期以来，我国东、中、西部算力资源布局在取得长足进步的同时，存在发展不平衡、不充分等问题，与5G时代全面建设“数字中国”的战略需求还有较大差距。
在业内专家看来，现阶段实施“东数西算”工程，不仅可以优化我国算力资源空间布局，也是推动新型基础设施高质量发展、构建全国一体化国家大数据中心体系的必然选择。
“东数西算”是什么？
“数”指数据，“算”是算力，即对数据的处理能力。“东数西算”是通过构建数据中心、云计算、大数据一体化的新型算力网络体系，将东部算力需求有序引导到西部，优化数据中心建设布局，促进东西部协同联动。
“东数”为什么要“西算”？
目前，我国数据中心大多分布在东部地区，由于土地、能源等资源日趋紧张，在东部大规模发展数据中心难以为继。而我国西部地区资源充裕，特别是可再生资源丰富，具备发展数据中心，承接东部算力需求的潜力。
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东部哪些数据送往西部去算？
西部数据中心处理后台加工、离线分析、存储备份等对网络要求不高的业务。东部枢纽处理工业互联网、金融证券、灾害预警、远程医疗、视频通话、人工智能推理等对网络要求较高的业务。东数西算项目是促进算力、数据流通，激活数字经济活力的重要手段。
为什么布局这8个算力枢纽和10个集群？
依托这8个算力枢纽，有利于集中政策和资源，着力优化网络、能源等配套保障，更好引导数据中心集约化、规模化、绿色化发展，促进东西部数据流通、价值传递，带动数据中心相关产业由东向西有效转移。
在8个算力枢纽内，进一步规划设立10个国家数据中心集群。每个集群是一片物理连续的行政区域，具体承载算力枢纽内的大型、超大型数据中心建设。通过10个集群，将有效减少数据绕转时延，降低长途传输费用，保障数据中心能源供给，积极协调安排能耗指标。
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“东数西算”给企业带来哪些利好？
“东数西算”将带动土建工程、IT设备制造、信息通信、基础软件、绿色能源供给等相关产业链发展。对于提供算力的企业，有助于加快实现云网协同，提升算力服务的品质；降低网络、电力等成本；规划算力资源更有针对性，提升资源使用效率。对于使用算力的企业，有助于享受更为便捷、易用的算力服务；进一步降低上云用数成本，加快实现数字化转型。
监制：张宁 策划：李政葳 制作：姚坤森
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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